Similar systems of law reporting operate in other common law jurisdictions. It may take some time between a judgment being handed down and its being published as a report. There are currently many different series of law reports published, which reproduce judgments and add supplementary information by an editor. Although earlier collections of cases exist, it was in the 19 th century that a formalised system of law reporting was established in Scotland and England. Case reports, or “law reports”, make this possible. In order for the principle of stare decisis to operate, a judge must know what the previous decisions of courts are. This principle means that a court must follow and apply the law as set out in the decisions of higher courts in previous cases. Judicial precedent operates under the principle of stare decisis which literally means “to stand by decisions”. Case law (or judicial precedent) is law which is made by the courts and decided by judges.
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